- 1. HMG
- [ ] (UMLS (CSP) C0178700) =Organic Chemical
| - 9. HMG-1/-2
- [The HMG-Box Family proteins are relatively abundant vertebrate DNA-binding and bending proteins that bind with structure specificity, rather than sequence specificity, and plays an architectural role in the assembly of nucleoprotein complexes. They have two homologous HMG-box DNA-binding domains connected by a short basic linker to an acidic carboxy-terminal tail that differs in length. The length (and possibly sequence) of the acidic tail may be the dominant factor in mediating the differences in properties among themselves and finely tunes the DNA-binding properties of the tandem HMG boxes, to fulfill different cellular roles. The tail is essential for structure-selective DNA-binding of the HMG boxes to DNA minicircles in the presence of equimolar linear DNA, and has little effect on the affinity for this already highly distorted DNA ligand, in contrast to binding to linear and four-way junction DNA. (J Mol Biol 2000 304:135-49) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0949597) HMGB Family Protein;
HMG-Box Protein;
=Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Biologically Active Substance ;
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- 2. HMG
- [Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone excreted in the urine of post-menopausal women. ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0025326) =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Pharmacologic Substance; Hormone
| - 10. HMG-14/-17
- [The high mobility group N (HMGN) proteins are a family of nuclear proteins that binds to nucleosomes, changes the architecture of chromatin, and enhances transcription and replication from chromatin templates. They typically contain an NBD (Nucleosome Binding Domain) motif, which anchors these HMG proteins to the nucleosome cores to facilitate HMG-14/-17-dependent changes in higher order chromatin structure. The intracellular organization of the HMGN (previously known as HMG-14/17) proteins is dynamic and is related to both cell-cycle and transcriptional events. These proteins roam the nucleus, perhaps as part of multiprotein complexes, and their target interactions are modulated by posttranslational modifications. Functional studies on HMGN proteins provide insights into the molecular mechanisms by which structural proteins affect DNA-dependent activities in the context of chromatin. (Trends Biochem Sci 2001 Jul;26(7):431-7) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0949596) HMGN Family Protein;
NBD Protein;
=Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Biologically Active Substance ;
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- 3. HMG 2a
- [HMGB3, encoded by the human HMGB3 Gene, is an high mobility group (HMG) protein, containing 2 HMG box repeats and an acidic C-terminal domain. HMGB3 is expressed predominantly in placenta. (From OMIM and NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0949720) HMG2a;
HMG-2a;
HMG-4;
HMGB3 =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Biologically Active Substance | - 11. HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor
- [Compounds that inhibit HMG-CoA reductases. They have been shown to directly lower cholesterol synthesis. ( MSH )] (UMLS (NCI) C0360714) =Organic Chemical; Pharmacologic Substance =enzyme inhibitor;
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- 4. HMG Box Transcription Factor 4
- [Decreasingly expressed from crypt to villus by human TCF7L2 Gene (TCF/LEF Family), nuclear DNA-binding HMG box Transcription Factor 7-Like 2, participates in the WNT pathway and maintains epithelial stem cells of the small intestine. Absent CTNNB1, TCF7L2 acts as a repressor. Bound to the CTNNB1 armadillo repeat in a stable complex, TCF7L2 activates transcription from promoters containing the TCF motif (CCTTTGATC). TCF7L2 binds to the MYC promoter in a sequence-specific manner and modulates MYC expression. The TCF7L2 activation domain binds transcriptional coactivator EP300. TLE1, TLE2, TLE3, and TLE4 repress TCF7L2/CTNNB1 mediated transactivation. Constitutive TCF7L2 activation may promote maintenance of the stem cell phenotype and initiate colorectal cancer. TCF7L2/CTNNB1 may control proliferation versus differentiation in intestinal epithelial cells. (NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C1336781) hTCF4;
T-Cell-Specific Transcription Factor 4;
TCF4;
TCF7L2;
Transcription Factor 7-Like 2;
=Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Biologically Active Substance | - 12. HMGA Family Gene
- [Human HMGA Family Genes encode HMGA proteins that participate in many nuclear processes ranging from chromosome and chromatin mechanics to transcription factors that regulate gene expression. Hence, they influence diverse biological processes including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and death. HMGA proteins contain three AT-hooks that bind to minor groove AT-rich stretches. HMGA proto-oncogenes promote tumor progression and metastasis when overexpressed. High constitutive HMGA expression is consistently observed in cancers, with increasing concentrations being correlated with increasing malignancy. (NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C1333907) =Gene or Genome ;
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- 5. HMG coA reductase
- [Enzymes that catalyze the reversible reduction of alpha-carboxyl group of 3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARYL-COENZYME A to yield MEVALONIC ACID. ( MSH )] (UMLS (CSP) C0020374) =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Enzyme ;
=alcohol oxidoreductase;
| - 13. HMGA1
- [HMGA1c appears to be the only isoform present in normal human testis. ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0969693) HMGA1c;
HMG-I/R =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Biologically Active Substance ;
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- 6. HMG coA synthase
- [An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA from acetyl-CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA. This is a key enzyme in steroid biosynthesis. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.1.3.5. ( MSH )] (UMLS (CSP) C0020375) =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Enzyme ;
| - 14. HMGB Family Gene
- [Human HMGB Family Genes encode abundant DNA-binding and bending HMG-Box Family proteins (with structure, rather than sequence, specificity) that play an architectural role in nucleoprotein assembly. They have two homologous DNA-binding HMG-box domains connected by a short basic linker to an acidic C-terminus that differs in length. Tail length may be the dominant factor mediating property differences among HMGB proteins and determines DNA-binding properties of the HMG boxes. The tail is essential for DNA-binding. (NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C1333911) =Gene or Genome ;
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- 7. HMG Family Gene
- [Human HMG Family Genes encode ubiquitous non-histone HMG chromatin proteins originally named according to PAGE electrophoretic mobility, shared physical properties, and association with chromatin. Canonical HMG proteins are subdivided into 3 superfamilies with characteristic functional sequence motifs: HMGB (formerly HMG-1/-2), HMGN (formerly HMG-14/-17), and HMGA (formerly HMG-I/Y/C). DNA-binding HMG proteins appear to have roles in matrix stabilization, ssDNA protection, replication, and transcription that influence cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and death. (NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C1333918) =Gene or Genome ;
| - 15. HMGN Family Gene
- [Human HMGN Family Genes encode nuclear HMGN proteins that bind to nucleosomes, change chromatin architecture, and enhance transcription or replication. They typically contain a Nucleosome Binding Domain that anchors these proteins to nucleosome cores to facilitate changes in higher order chromatin structure. HMGN chromatin association is dynamic and regulated by posttranslational modification; related to cell cycle and transcriptional events. (NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C1333917) =Gene or Genome ;
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- 8. HMG Y
- [HMGA1b, encoded by the HMGA1 gene, preferentially binds to the minor groove of A+T-rich regions in double-stranded DNA. It is involved in transcriptional regulation of the BRCA1 gene. HMGA1b overexpression accounts for BRCA1 downregulation in sporadic breast carcinomas. (From PubMed 12640109 and NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0379832) =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Biologically Active Substance
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