- 1. C-Jun Kinase 2
- [Expressed as alpha-1, -2, beta-1, -2 isoforms by human MAPK9 Gene (MAPK Family), MAP Kinase 9 is a stress/cytokine-induced Ser/Thr kinase that acts as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals involved in target transcription factor regulation, such as c-Jun and ATF2. Alpha-1, and 2 bind c-Jun; beta-1 and 2 bind ATF2. JunB and JunD are not substrates for alpha-2. Inhibited by dual specificity phosphatases, and phosphothreonine/tyrosine activated by a Ras-dependent dual specificity MAP2K4/MAP2K7 cascade, MAPK9 mediates immediate-early gene expression. MAPK9 binds scaffolding proteins MAPK8IP1/2/3. MAPK9/UV-induced apoptosis appears related to cytochrome c-mediated cell death. Increased p53 stability in nonstressed cells results from MAPK9 blocked p53 ubiquitination. MAPK9 appears required for T-helper cell differentiation into Th1 cells. (NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C1367019) C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 2;
Jun Kinase;
MAP Kinase 9;
MAPK9;
Stress-Activated Protein Kinase JNK2 =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Enzyme | - 3. c-JUN N-Terminal Kinase
- [Encoded by Human MAPK8 Gene (MAPK Family) as alternative isoforms (alpha-1, -2, beta-1, -2), MAP Kinase 8 is a stress/cytokine-induced Ser/Thr kinase that acts as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals involved in target transcription factor regulation, such as c-Jun and ATF2. Beta-1 binds c-Jun; alpha-1, -2, and beta-2 bind c-Jun or ATF2. Inhibited by dual specificity phosphatases, and phosphothreonine/tyrosine activated by a Ras-dependent dual specificity MAP2K4/MAP2K7 cascade, MAPK8 mediates immediate-early gene expression. MAPK8 binds scaffolding proteins MAPK8IP1/2/3. MAPK8/UV-induced apoptosis appears related to cytochrome c-mediated cell death. MAPK8 activation by TNF-alpha induces apoptosis. MAPK8 appears to be required for T-helper cell differentiation into Th1 cells. (NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0380051) =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Enzyme
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- 2. c-Jun Kinase 3
- [The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This protein is a neuronal-specific form of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs). Through its phosphorylation and nuclear localization, this kinase plays regulatory roles in the signaling pathways during neuronal apoptosis. Beta-arrestin 2, a receptor-regulated MAP kinase scaffold protein, is found to interact with, and stimulate the phosphorylation of this kinase by MAP kinase kinase 4 (MKK4). Cyclin-dependent kianse 5 can phosphorylate, and inhibit the activity of this kinase, which may be important in preventing neuronal apoptosis. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. (LocusLink) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C1455843) C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 3;
MAP Kinase 10;
MAP Kinase P49 3F12;
MAPK10;
Stress Activated Protein Kinase Beta;
Stress-Activated Protein Kinase JNK3 =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Enzyme | - 4. c-JUN Protein
- [Encoded by JUN Family Genes, nuclear leucine zipper JUN Family Proteins (JUN, JUNB, and JUND) can homodimerize, or heterodimerize with nuclear leucine zipper FOS Family Proteins, to form the specific promoter/enhancer DNA-binding AP-1 transcription factor complex that regulates target gene transcription in cell proliferation, differentiation, and transformation. (NCI) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0085296) =Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein; Biologically Active Substance ;
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